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Bank of England bucks rate-rise streak again

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After the Bank of England's announcement today interest rates remain at their highest point since 2008 as inflation remains stubbornly high at 6.7%. However, experts are questioning whether the central bank has "wildly over-reacted" to inflation?

2nd Nov 2023
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The central bank has left interest rates unchanged at 5.25% for the second time in a row following this month's monetary policy meeting. 

The monetary policy committee voted by a majority of 6–3 to maintain the bank rate, with three members preferring to increase Bank Rate by 0.25 percentage points, to 5.5%.

The six members that voted to maintain the bank rate argued that there had been little improvement in UK economic data since the previous meeting and that GDP growth had weakened. 

These members also maintained that the restrictive monetary policy was  warranted for an extended period of time to bring inflation sustainably back to the 2% target and indicated that a further rise in bank rate remained a possibility. 

However, the three members that voted to increase the rate was swayed by evidence of more persistent inflationary pressures and that an increase was needed this time to address “the risks of more deeply embedded inflation persistence”.

A change of tack

The Bank of England’s (BoE) pausing of rate rises signals that its monetary tightening is far from over, with inflationary pressures still hampering UK businesses. 

The decision to pause interest rates is a change of tack for the central bank after hiking the base rate for 14 consecutive times. 

The BoE’s decision comes after the US Federal Reserve held interest rates for the second time in a row following 11 increases, and the European Central Bank took the same approach after an aggressive series of rate rises. 

Explaining the current economic landscape, the monetary policy statement said there has been an increase in long-term government bond yield across advanced economies since their previous meeting.

It also noted that "GDP growth has been stronger than expected in the United States" and "underlying inflationary pressures in advanced economies remain elevated". It added: "Following events in the Middle East, the oil futures curve has risen somewhat while gas futures prices are little changed."

Inflation

The Bank of England has used interest rates as the tool in its arsenal as it attempts to stem inflation - but it is still a far way off from meeting its 2% target by the end of 2025. The central bank expects inflation to then fall below the target thereafter, as "an increasing degree of economic slack reduces domestic inflationary pressures".

Explaining that it will have to monitor closely indications of persistent inflationary pressures, the MPC said: "Monetary policy will need to be sufficiently restrictive for sufficiently long to return inflation to the 2% target sustainably in the medium term, in line with the Committee’s remit."

Although the central bank has cooled its approach to hiking interest rates, today’s announcement shows that the MPC is still some way off from reversing its current approach. 

However, Chancellor Jeremy Hunt was much more positive about the direction of inflation. “Inflation is falling, wages are rising and the economy is growing. The UK has been far more resilient than many expected, but the best way to deliver prosperity is through sustainable growth," he said shortly after the announcement.

“The Autumn Statement will set out how we will boost economic growth by unlocking private investment, getting more Brits back to work, and delivering a more productive British state.” 

The impact of inflationary pressures was laid bare in the Q3 insolvency figures released this week, where economic issues contributed to the highest number of corporate insolvencies in more than two decades. 

The insolvency service reported that between July and September there were 6,208 (seasonally adjusted) registered company insolvencies, which was 10% higher than the same period last year. 

“Sticky inflation, high interest rates coupled with an increase in debt, and the cost of living are still making it tough for businesses to recover post-Covid,” commented Gareth Harris, partner at RSM UK Restructuring Advisory about the effects of the tough economic conditions on businesses. 

Has the Bank of England over-reacted?

Richard Murphy, professor of accounting practice at Sheffield University Management School told AccountingWEB: "Discussion about the Bank of England's interest rate decision has focussed on whether it will hold rates rather than increase them, but this entirely misses the point about what is needed now.” 

He went on to say that the central bank has “wildly over-reacted” to inflation, which has led to interest rates being already “much too high”. 

“That fact, coupled with its current policy of quantitative tightening, which is deliberately inflating current financial market interest rates, means that the impact of high interest rates is now almost wholly destructive on the economy, businesses, households and individuals. 

“What we need now are urgent and significant interest rate cuts to reduce the harm already caused and to keep businesses, mortgaged households, renters, local authorities and others going when their financial viability is now under threat, but will the Bank of England do that? I very much doubt it. It's as if they don't care."

What do you think? Have the Bank of England over-reacted? Should lowering interest rates be part of the central bank’s discussions going forward?

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Replies (31)

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By vstrad
02nd Nov 2023 12:09

Wow - I agree with Richard Murphy! Had to happen eventually, I suppose.

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Replying to vstrad:
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By rmillaree
02nd Nov 2023 12:38

Yep - anyone who canot see that ridiculously high interest rates for anything other than short period of time are fueling the inflationary fire here rather than helping is a fool.

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Replying to rmillaree:
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By Ian McTernan CTA
02nd Nov 2023 13:01

'ridiculously high'? Might want to take a look over the last fifty years:
Interest Rate in the United Kingdom averaged 7.11 percent from 1971 until 2023.

It's just the younger generation that have been used to near zero rates that find below average rates 'ridiculously' high...

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Replying to Ian McTernan CTA:
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By awaf
02nd Nov 2023 13:33

I dislike this generational comparison.

Younger people, and younger businesses importantly, are used to lower interest rates because for them that has been the norm. Any change to the norm is going to be disruptive.

Just because things were different 'back then' doesn't mean that the current position isn't causing huge distress and economic damage.

The past is not a gauge for future performance, nor should the pain or discomfort of the past be used as an excuse for pain or discomfort today. A lot more people used to die of poor healthcare, should we use this as an excuse to argue against those calling out falling standards in modern healthcare?

I've never understood why people take some form of satisfaction in highlighting that things used to be worse, so people shouldn't complain or aspire for better.

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Replying to awaf:
All Paul Accountants in Leeds
By paulinleeds
02nd Nov 2023 13:47

I think the comments made by Ian McTernan CTA are factually correct.

The economy moves in cycles. Averages take account of high and low rates. His statement reminds us of the average rates of our life time.

I appreciate that some people (aka 'youngsters') who have seen interest rates on the floor at rock bottom rates for many years have not experienced the average rates we are now experiencing. I do feel for these youngsters through!

It is wrong though to jump on the back of Ian McTernan CTA for making a perfectly correct, and non-agest' statement about histrorical average rates.

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Replying to paulinleeds:
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By johnjenkins
02nd Nov 2023 14:00

I do not believe in averages cos they are totally meaningless.
One person is 6 foot tall another is 3 foot, so the average is 4.5 feet.
Sorry Ian but your figures are meaningless but I do know the point you were trying to make.
I always love it when "they" come out with what the average wage is.

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By grantmori
02nd Nov 2023 12:10

I think interest rates should only be reduced once inflation starts to near the 5% range. Painful though

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By Self-Employed and Happy
02nd Nov 2023 12:14

"Remains stubbornly high"

It's almost as if BoE interest rates have nothing to do Cost-Push Inflation and they've unnecessarily cost hundreds of thousands of people thousands of pounds whilst helping push us into a recession.

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By Justin Bryant
02nd Nov 2023 12:14

A better analysis of things is here: https://www.dailymail.co.uk/debate/article-12681499/ANDREW-NEIL-era-chea...

Governments and Central Banks have no control over interest rates while things are dictated to them by the global bond markets.

RM clearly doesn't understand this basic stuff. For example, if BoE base rates were reduced to 2%, everyone (including RM unless he's a complete idiot) would take out a huge mortgage to invest in 5-10 year 5% risk-free gilts. But efficient financial markets don't allow that kind of risk-free profitable trade in the first place.

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By evildrome
02nd Nov 2023 12:23

Rates should never have been increased.

If the purpose of rate increases is to crush credit growth (and hence MS) then just implement a credit ceiling.

Rate increases are a "hand wavy" way to control credit growth. It will work, eventually, but by then you've likely overshot.

A hard credit ceiling tells you *exactly* what your credit growth will be.

No guessing, no excessive profits for the banking industry and no increase in the debt interest repayment (which is currently 47% of our deficit!!).

But the banks don't like credit ceilings so that won't happen.

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Replying to evildrome:
By Nick Graves
02nd Nov 2023 13:33

The interest rate is really determined by the coupon on the worthless UK "gilts" (except Gordon The Moron sold all the gilt..) they cannot stop printing.

Like a kid that blows its credit card balance the first day it receives the shiny plastic thing.

Let the free market determine the interest rate on proper commercial loans, not some faceless bureaucrats who cannot have perfect market knowledge. Those closer to the coal face have less imperfect knowledge.

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By johnjenkins
02nd Nov 2023 12:26

Mortgage rates are still coming down (swap rates) albeit it slowly and I think after Christmas we will see inflation and bank rate reducing. Of course while outside influences are allowed to control our interest rates then we will always have these hiccups.

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By AndrewV12
02nd Nov 2023 12:27

off course mortgage interest rates will remain high (6-9%)for the foreseeable.

My building society is offering savers 5% for 5 years locked in, if the nationwide reduced their mortgage rates to less than 5% they would go bust, they may also go bust if they charged borrowers less than 7 % taking expenses into account.

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Replying to AndrewV12:
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By rmillaree
02nd Nov 2023 12:40

"My building society is offering savers 5% for 5 years locked in, if the nationwide reduced their mortgage rates to less than 5% they would go bust,"

Huh - whenever mortgage rates go down savings rates go down too - its that simple no one goes bust savers just get lower rates.

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Replying to rmillaree:
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By AndrewV12
02nd Nov 2023 12:55

Yes I agree, but Nationwide had guaranteed 5% interest on savings for 5 years, if it was taken up big time, The nationwide have very little wiggle room to reduce interest rates to lenders for at least 5 years.

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Replying to AndrewV12:
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By Ian McTernan CTA
02nd Nov 2023 13:05

That's not the way these things work. The Nationwide will place that in the market much the same as a mortgage book works: funds are borrowed to a certain amount then lent out, no risk really other than default.

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Replying to AndrewV12:
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By rmillaree
02nd Nov 2023 13:30

The nationwide have very little wiggle room to reduce interest rates to lenders for at least 5 years.

Thats plain wrong - as Ian McTernan CTA has advised the banks dont take the future risk they will have all these items hedged (or similar) as appropriate so the future change in rates makes no difference practicably speaking . The flip side is true in that they dont benefit with rates go the other way.

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Replying to rmillaree:
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By AndrewV12
03rd Nov 2023 11:52

Just idle curiosity where do you think mortgage rates will be in 5 years time, currently around 5.5% - 6.5 %.

I say no change, come back in 5 years and mortgage rates will be from 5.5% to 6.5%, but what do I know.

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Replying to AndrewV12:
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By rmillaree
03rd Nov 2023 13:54

long term no one knows we are only guessing

i just default to when inflation is low one should expect mortgage rates to be low ? not sure if you agree with that?

per comments below inflation is expected to drop back down within next 6 montths and that forms my basis for exepcting rates to be lower - if inflation is half what it is now in 9 months. IMHO if we clearly expect inflation to drop back i dont even think we need high interest rates now as to me that is forcing peeps to up income/prices(landlords) where they can.

note the current median economoic forecasts for headline cpi show that by q1 next year they expect inflation to be back below 3% trending downwards. We are lagging the us and some others where inlfation is already trending back to these levels.

So if we say inflation will be back to 2 to 2.5% rate and stay there by March next year would you not expect mortgage rtaes to get back to something materially below where they are now. Big difference between where inlfation is now and where it is expoected to be.

Obviously its all guesswork here i would say my prediction of anything is more likely to be right than anyone else's but looking outside our own temporary bubble i dont think the world needs inflation - you do deals by beating others on price.

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Replying to AndrewV12:
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By johnjenkins
02nd Nov 2023 12:56

Nationwide are offering 5 year fixed at 4.89%.

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Replying to AndrewV12:
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By evildrome
02nd Nov 2023 13:37

We are entering a globally synchronised recession.

Every macro economic indicator is negative. The NTFS, 3mth Euribor futures, Chinese PMIs, European PMIs, West Texas inventory, hours worked, total compensation, fixed & revolving credit, every single yield curve is inverted.

"Higher for longer" is central bank BS.

We'll be back at zero within 12 months.

Bonds at 5% are a really good buy right now.

I was in cash but have gone all in on TLT (US 20yr Treasuries ETF).

Up 5% in one week.

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By AndrewV12
02nd Nov 2023 12:46

Sorry its 4.6 % now no longer 5%
5 Year Fixed Rate Online Bond

Lock your money away, manage it online, know your interest rate won't change

4.60%
AER/gross a year (fixed)
No withdrawals until the term ends​ Online All savers
5 Year Fixed Rate Online Bond

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By Twickers Call
02nd Nov 2023 13:10

Bank of England need to do something different to the old fashion traditional approach. They cannot continue punishing us. Given few months a different problem will arise due to business failures and redundancies. Then unemployment and recession. Then the government gets involved in cutting public resources. Where is the bance? No one knows.

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Replying to Twickers Call:
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By johnjenkins
02nd Nov 2023 13:17

There isn't a balance anymore. The status quo has gone and lockdown is definately to blame. However, (I've said this before) you had to weigh up saving of lives v economic chaos. I'm really interested in the outcome of the covid enquiry because that will highlight the differences and who wanted to go which way.

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Replying to johnjenkins:
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By Self-Employed and Happy
02nd Nov 2023 14:29

Stamp Duty Holiday - Absolutely barmy

Furlough - Absolutely barmy, basically a year long holiday for a huge amount of the country resulting in zero productivity.

GOVERNMENT BACKED Bounceback Loans - Absolutely barmy, should have had banks taking the hit, restrict the interest they can charge but bring into play personal assets of the directors as collateral, if there wasn't any then no loan.

PPE Fraud - Rampant

In my view there is no reason they couldn't say -

"Under 45, off you go to work, you aren't allowed to see anyone above the age of 50"

The amount of U45s "clogging" up beds was miniscule, I would have also relaxed the rules surrounding maximum hours whilst on benefits for the U30s to try and mobilise the lazy ones into work and try to keep them there.

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Replying to Self-Employed and Happy:
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By johnjenkins
02nd Nov 2023 16:11

Sounds logical to me. I'm not sure how much Government new about covid when they announced the first lockdown. Certainly your plan could have worked well instead of the second lockdown because by then we new that covid was mainly hitting the elderly with problems. We also new that the virus was clotting blood and giving breathing problems.
By the way you forgot the millions spent on renting the 7 nightingale hospitals with a very small admission rate.

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By Calculatorboy
04th Nov 2023 21:48

You can't buck the market , these rates are sensibly here for the long run ...in which we are all dead

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By Arbitrary
20th Nov 2023 15:07

So you've found an 'expert' (an accountant) who is not keen on high interest rates. There are a lot of economists with a huge variety of views; there was (is?)even, briefly, Trussonomics. There are also probably a lot of accountants with a huge variety of views. Inflation needs controlling (is that now in dispute?). Having over-borrowed clients should not incline us to support them financially.

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Replying to Arbitrary:
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By evildrome
20th Nov 2023 15:31

We got cut off from China & the East.

Prices went up.

We got reconnected.

Prices went down.

The BOE could have left rates alone and everything would have happened just the way it happened.

The UK can have no effect on global supply chains.

What we do doesn't matter.

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Replying to evildrome:
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By Arbitrary
22nd Nov 2023 15:29

An extreme take on the situation. You appear to think inflation cannot be controlled and that all UK economic planning is a waste of time. Clearly a Trussonomics fan. Good luck with that.

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Replying to Arbitrary:
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By evildrome
22nd Nov 2023 15:49

Cost push inflation caused by disruption in the global supply chain cannot be controlled with the policy rate.

How much of Chinas trade is with the UK?

Do think they'll drop prices if *shock* UK demand goes down by 4%?

Or 10% or 20%?

No. We don't matter.

They'll hold their prices where they are until world demand falls.

Increasing the UK interest rate is pointless fiscal waterboarding that only enriches the banks.

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